動(dòng)力式空壓機(jī)分為透平式和噴射式空壓機(jī)，離心式空壓機(jī)屬于透平式空壓機(jī)組。在離心式空壓機(jī)中，高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的葉輪給予氣體的離心力作用，以及在擴(kuò)壓通道中氣體的擴(kuò)壓作用，使氣體壓力得到提高。今天小編就從離心式空壓機(jī)的工作原理、優(yōu)劣勢、應(yīng)用范圍及發(fā)展趨勢幾方面來為大家介紹。 一、離心式空壓機(jī)的工作原理。離心式空氣空壓機(jī)由葉輪帶動(dòng)氣體高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，產(chǎn)生離心力，由于氣體在葉輪里中進(jìn)行擴(kuò)壓流動(dòng)，使氣體通過葉輪后流速和壓力提高，連續(xù)生產(chǎn)出壓縮空氣。離心式空氣空壓機(jī)屬于速度式空壓機(jī)，在用氣負(fù)荷穩(wěn)定時(shí)離心式空氣空壓機(jī)工作穩(wěn)定、可靠。 二、離心式空壓機(jī)的優(yōu)勢。 1、流量大、功率大、節(jié)能環(huán)保。透平機(jī)械流經(jīng)葉輪的介質(zhì)，是連續(xù)不斷的，氣缸容積較大，葉輪能夠高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，故透平機(jī)械的排氣量和發(fā)生的功率大大增加。所以離心空壓機(jī)排氣均勻，無氣流脈沖。 2、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，操作可靠，因此它運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)率高，操作范圍較廣，節(jié)約成本。 3、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)周期長，易損件少、運(yùn)動(dòng)零件少、設(shè)計(jì)簡潔，且制造精度低，制造費(fèi)用相對低且可靠性高。易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化和大型化。 4、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、密封效果好，少泄漏，尺寸小，機(jī)組占地面積及重量都比同一氣量的活塞式空壓機(jī)小得多。 5、離心式空壓機(jī)的壓縮過程中可以做到絕對無油，不需要機(jī)內(nèi)潤滑，這對許多行業(yè)生產(chǎn)十分重要。 三、離心式空壓機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)。目前離心式空壓機(jī)還不適用于氣量太小及壓比過高的場所。其穩(wěn)定工況區(qū)狹窄，氣量調(diào)節(jié)雖比較方便，但經(jīng)濟(jì)性差。氣流速度大，流道內(nèi)的零部件有較大的摩擦損失。離心式空壓機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速較高，有可能產(chǎn)生機(jī)械振動(dòng)，在運(yùn)行特性方面，會有喘振現(xiàn)象，對機(jī)器的危害極大。操作相對復(fù)雜，齒輪箱噪聲大，設(shè)備技術(shù)含量高，維護(hù)費(fèi)用較大。效率仍低于活塞式空壓機(jī)。操作適應(yīng)性差，氣體性質(zhì)對操作性能有較大影響。 四、適用范圍。近年來，化工行業(yè)和大型化工廠陸續(xù)建立，使離心式空壓機(jī)成為壓縮和輸送化工生產(chǎn)中各種氣體的關(guān)鍵機(jī)器，占有及其重要地位
Power type air compressors are divided into turbine type and jet type air compressors, and centrifugal air compressors belong to turbine type air compressor units. In a centrifugal air compressor, the high-speed rotating impeller exerts centrifugal force on the gas, as well as the expansion effect of the gas in the expansion channel, which increases the gas pressure. Today, the editor will introduce to you the working principle, advantages and disadvantages, application scope, and development trend of centrifugal air compressors. 1、 The working principle of a centrifugal air compressor. The centrifugal air compressor is driven by the impeller to rotate the gas at high speed, generating centrifugal force. Due to the expansion flow of the gas in the impeller, the flow rate and pressure of the gas increase after passing through the impeller, continuously producing compressed air. Centrifugal air compressors belong to speed type air compressors, and they work stably and reliably when the gas load is stable. 2、 The advantages of centrifugal air compressors. 1. High flow rate, high power, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The medium flowing through the impeller of a turbomachinery is continuous, and the cylinder volume is large. The impeller can rotate at high speed, so the exhaust volume and power generated by the turbomachinery are greatly increased. So the centrifugal air compressor exhausts uniformly without any airflow pulses. 2. Smooth operation and reliable operation, therefore it has a high operating rate, a wide operating range, and saves costs. 3. Long operating cycle, few vulnerable parts, few moving parts, simple design, low manufacturing accuracy, relatively low manufacturing cost, and high reliability. Easy to achieve automation and large-scale. 4. Compact structure, good sealing effect, less leakage, small size, and much smaller footprint and weight of the unit compared to piston type air compressors with the same air volume. 5. The compression process of centrifugal air compressors can achieve absolute oil-free operation without the need for internal lubrication, which is crucial for production in many industries. 3、 Disadvantages of centrifugal air compressors. At present, centrifugal air compressors are not suitable for places with low air volume and high pressure ratio. Its stable working condition zone is narrow, and although air volume regulation is relatively convenient, its economy is poor. The airflow speed is high, and the components inside the flow channel have significant friction losses. The centrifugal air compressor has a high speed and may generate mechanical vibration. In terms of operating characteristics, there may be surging, which poses great harm to the machine. The operation is relatively complex, the gearbox has high noise, the equipment has high technical content, and the maintenance cost is relatively high. The efficiency is still lower than that of piston air compressors. Poor operational adaptability, gas properties have a significant impact on operational performance. 4、 Scope of application. In recent years, the chemical industry and large chemical plants have been established one after another, making centrifugal air compressors a key machine for compressing and transporting various gases in chemical production, occupying an extremely important position
